Vitamin D Improves Mood, Cognition and Pain Tolerance

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Vitamin D Improves Mood, Cognition and Pain Tolerance

Scientists Experiment with How Human Brain Processes Pain

Susanne Posel

,Chief Editor Occupy Corporatism | The US Independent
January 18, 2014

Robert Coghill, professor of neurobiology and anatomy at Wake Forest Baptist (WFB) lead a study to explain how pain is registered differently within the general population.

Coghill said: “We found that individual differences in the amount of grey matter in certain regions of the brain are related to how sensitive different people are to pain.”

Less grey matter, which is associated with processing information, is observed in participants who were linked to having more acute receptivity to pain.

Researchers analyzed MRI scans from 116 volunteers to decipher their brain structure.

The study reads: “In search of an anatomical correlate of pain sensitivity, we used voxel-based morphometry to investigate the relationship between grey matter density across the whole brain and interindividual differences in pain sensitivity in 116 healthy volunteers (62 women, 54 men).”

Participants were asked to rate their pain level when a portion of their arm was exposed to heat of 48.8 degrees Celsius.

MRI scans, when combined with explanations by the participants, showed that lower amounts of detectible grey matter was correlated with the control of attention when the person experienced pain.

Nichole Emerson, graduate student and participant with Coghill, said: Subjects with higher pain intensity rating had less grey matter in brain regions that contribute to internal thoughts and control of attention.”

The study concludes: “These findings underscore the potential importance of processes related to default mode thought and attention in shaping individual differences in pain sensitivity and indicate that pain sensitivity can potentially be predicted on the basis of brain structure.”

With the release of this study, Coghill’s team hopes that by understanding how pain is registered and received in the brain, doctors and psychiatrists can develop tools for diagnosis and use new techniques to deal with certain mental states.

The Human Connectome Project (HCP) is dedicated to “understanding the complete details of neural connectivity.” They endeavor to “construct a map of the complete structural and functional neural connections in vivo within and across individuals.”

By compiling data on genetics, behavior, matter fiber pathways, and functional correlations, the HCP have refined and optimized “the spatial and functional resolution of our connectome neuroimaging” as well as acquiring “high resolution neuroimaging data” to enhance understanding of the “neuroanatomical connectedness of the human brain.”

Two years ago, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) diverted $ 2 billion of their yearly budget for research into creating a super solider as well as developing a synthetic police force.

Working with the human genome, DARPA hopes to manipulate certain gene expressions. In experimentation, DARPA and the military industrial pharmaceutical complex are using natural abilities that are enhanced through genetic engineering.

Some of the medical feats DARPA would like to enhance are the ability of military soldiers to regrow limbs destroyed in battle.

By eliminating empathy, the Department of Defense (DoD) hopes to “enhance” a soldier’s ability to “kill without care or remorse, shows no fear, can fight battle after battle without fatigue and generally behave more like a machine than a man.”

Scientists are researching the construction of soldiers that feel no pain, terror and do not suffer from fatigue as tests on the wiring of the human brain are furthered by Jonathan Moreno, professor of bioethics at Pennsylvania State University.

Moreno is working with the DoD in understanding neuroscience.

The Pentagon allocated $ 400 million to this research.

In the PNAC, the use of scientific enhancement and clinical trials could be turning our service men and women into gueinia pigs for the advancement of a super solider.

While Roger Pitman , professor of psychiatry at Harvard University is experimenting with propranolol which is a beta blocker that is believed to erase “terrifying memories”, soldiers are subjected to more research while serving to alleviate the psychological effects of war.

Moreno explains: “The problem is: what else are they blocking when they do this? Do we want a generation of veterans who return without guilt?”

Allan Snyder, professor of neuroscience in Australia, has been working to understand how transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can effect higher mental processing with the use of magnetic fields to promote unfettered reasoning.

The US Academy of Sciences reported in 2009 that they expected to be successful in using TMS against soldiers to “enhance [their] fighting capabilities.”

Moreno reveals that TMS helmets could be used in battlefields to expand a soldier’s technical expertise and become a more proficient marksman and master electronics used in training exercises.

Susanne Posel | Original Author | Original Copyright Holder

http://OccupyCorporatism.com

[email protected]

Portland, Oregon, United States, -08:00

Susanne Posel

Scientists Experiment with How Human Brain Processes Pain

VIDEO: Austin Mahone On Mend After Blood Clot

Austin Mahone is feeling better! Two weeks after being diagnosed with a blood clot, the singer revealed to People Mag he is on the mend he said, “I feel a lot better! I’m still trying to get to 100 percent, but I’m taking it one step at a time.” The 17-year-old performed for the first time this past weekend at a Bar Mitzvah since his stint in the hospital. He even revealed to the mag that he has been hitting the gym again since being sick. We are glad you are feeling better Austin!

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VIDEO: Austin Mahone On Mend After Blood Clot

VIDEO: Austin Mahone On Mend After Blood Clot

Austin Mahone is feeling better! Two weeks after being diagnosed with a blood clot, the singer revealed to People Mag he is on the mend he said, “I feel a lot better! I’m still trying to get to 100 percent, but I’m taking it one step at a time.” The 17-year-old performed for the first time this past weekend at a Bar Mitzvah since his stint in the hospital. He even revealed to the mag that he has been hitting the gym again since being sick. We are glad you are feeling better Austin!

Thanks for checking us out. Please take a look at the rest of our videos and articles.

To stay in the loop, bookmark our homepage.

VIDEO: Austin Mahone On Mend After Blood Clot

Sanford: Obama "inflicting pain"

Rep. Mark Sanford hit President Barack Obama on Wednesday for causing “unnecessary hardship” during the shutdown by closing memorials and other measures.

“I can give you a lot of different examples where there’s unnecessary hardship to regular folks simply as a way … of supposedly gaining political favor,” Sanford (R-S.C.) said on Fox News’s “Fox and Friends.”

Continue Reading

Sanford, who tweeted Tuesday that he will bring his furloughed staff back to full capacity, said that was just another point of Obama “inflicting pain.”

Sanford empathized with visitors to the closed memorials and called it “collateral damage.”

“A long-standing tradition for me over 20 years of being in and out of Washington was running down to the Lincoln Memorial,” Sanford said.“So whether it’s with things like the Lincoln Memorial or things like congress[ional] staff, there is a lot of collateral damage in the way of impact to working folks across this country that doesn’t need to be there.”

POLITICO – Congress

Sanford: Obama "inflicting pain"

Meet tiny nation bucking eurozone"s pain

• The euro club has suffered major shockwaves but its newest member has emerged as a shining economic light.


• Estonia, which joined the euro in January 2011, has rising employment and growth exceeding its peers


• Its economy has been through financial restructuring and a credit-fed boom and bust


• Joining the bloc has helped buoy its economy due to increased confidence from investors

London (CNN) — The euro club has suffered major shockwaves but its newest member has emerged as a shining economic light.

Estonia, which joined the euro in January 2011, has shaken off its painful Soviet Union history and a credit-fed boom and bust to rebuild itself as an economy with shrinking unemployment numbers and growth far exceeding its peers.

The fortunes of the small Baltic country, perched on the edge of northern Europe, run in stark contrast to the eurozone’s troubled south, where unemployment has soared to record levels and recessions are becoming entrenched.

But Estonia’s finance minister, Jurgen Ligi, told CNN Greece — the eurozone’s most troubled nation — was “paradise” compared to what his country had suffered after the USSR fell.

We appreciate solidarity but we do not forget personal responsibility
Jurgen Ligi, Estonian Finance Minister

Estonia, vice-chair of last week’s Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation Ministerial Council Meeting in Paris, joined the euro seven months after Greece had taken its first bailout and as the common currency slid into crisis.

Ligi told CNN joining the euro was a “natural choice” for a “small open economy.” The country, which has just 1.3 million people, had always been “very much dependent on the eurozone, and now we are participating and influencing the decisions,” he said.

WATCH MORE: Post-Soviet winners and losers

How Estonia supports wealthier countries

Accession to the eurozone, despite its problems, ensured the country offered a more stable currency, which gave confidence to investors, Ligi said, as well as showing “solidarity and political cooperation.

“Sometimes you have obligations that you don’t like but [do them] for general stability.”

Foreign workers solve skills shortage

Ligi said the austerity drive being pushed through Europe barely justified the label. “I would not use the word austerity in Europe, where the size of the social system is half of that of the world and consumption level among the highest.”

Building a sustainable future

Estonia went through its own harsh program of cuts in 2009, slicing back state salaries and freezing pensions, after its real estate bubble went bust. The program helped ensure Estonia stayed inside the rules of entry to the eurozone.

The country’s growth rate averaged 8% between 2003 and 2007, before crashing into recession in 2008: its GDP shrank 14.3% in 2009 but has since rebounded. According to Ligi, real GDP will recover to pre-crisis levels next year. Ligi said the contraction was based on a “credit, real estate and consumption bubble” while today’s economy “is on a much stronger basis.”

Estonia’s debt to GDP ratio remains markedly lower than that of its European peers, sitting at 10.1% compared to Greece at a heady 156.9% and Italy at a painful 127%.

This is no miracle that Estonia is developing quicker than the others
Jurgen Ligi, Estonian Finance Minister

WATCH MORE: Doing business in Estonia

Estonia’s export economy is also supported by its strong links with Scandinavian countries, including Finland and Sweden. Its unemployment, at 10%, remains high but lower than the eurozone as whole, which now sits at 12.2%. The OECD has predicted this will rise to 12.3% in 2014. Estonia’s youth unemployment sits at 23%, again lower than the eurozone’s 24.4%.

The former Soviet nation has built itself into a free market, highly educated country with a strong telecommunications industry. The birthplace of Skype become known as E-Stonia following the USSR’s collapse in 1991.

It drove through an ambitious program of connectivity credited in part to Toomas Hendrik Ilves, the bow-tie wearing former ambassador to the United States who is now the country’s president.

Ligi said the country did not forget the crisis which followed its independence, when inflation reached 1000% and it underwent rapid monetary reform.

“We have been making right and sustainable decisions,” Ligi said. “There are lots of countries with similar history and situation than Estonia are not taking advantage.

“This is no miracle that Estonia is developing quicker than the others.”

Estonians bore with structural changes with the culture of practicality, Ligi said. “[Estonians] are very rational …we have a lot of common sense,” he said. “We appreciate solidarity but we do not forget personal responsibility.”

The country’s leaders — including Ilves — have also proved feisty defenders of their economic reforms. In an infamous Twitter battle with Nobel economics prize winner and New York Times columnist Paul Krugman, who questioned whether Estonia’s GDP recovery could be classed as an “economic triumph,” Ilves slapped down the “smug, overbearing & patronizing” report.

CNN.com Recently Published/Updated

Meet tiny nation bucking eurozone"s pain